Cavity nester | Species

	Laboratoire de recherche en écologie du paysage

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Table 1 : Species that excavate cavities in mixed boreal forest of Quebec.

Primary excavators	Weak excavators
Black-backed Woodpecker Downy Woodpecker Hairy Woodpecker Northern Flicker Pileated Woodpecker Three-toed Woodpecker Yellow-bellied Sapsucker	Black-capped Chickadee Boreal Chickadee Red-breasted Nuthatch White-breasted Nuthatch

Table 2 : Avian and mammalian secondary cavity nesters in mixed boreal forest of Quebec.

Secondary users

Passerines

Brown Creeper
Common Grackle
Eastern Bluebird
Tree Sparrow
Winter Wren

Birds of prey

American Kestrel
Barred Owl
Great Grey Owl
Great Horned Owl
Northern Hawk Owl
Northern Saw-whet Owl
Tengmalm's Owl

Ducks

Bufflehead
Common Goldeneye
Common Merganser
Hooded Merganser
Wood Duck

Mammals

American Marten
Big Brown Bat
Deer Mouse
Eastern Chipmunk
Eastern Red Bat
Fisher
Hoary Bat
Least Chipmunk
Little Brown Bat
Northern Flying Squirrel
Red Squirrel
Silver-haired Bat

These lists have been established from scientific articles and books (Aitken et Eadie 1999, Darveau et Desrochers 2001, Burt et Grossenheider 1992, Peterson 2004).